Forty Years of the Porsche 911
Models, Facts and Figures
Milestones 1948-98
1948
Porsche No 1, a mid-engined roadster, is completed and homologated in the Austrian town of Gmünd. The engine displaces 1131 cc and develops maximum output of 35 bhp (26 kW). The first few 356 coupés are made of light alloy.
1949
Production of the first Porsche 356 cabriolets.
1950
Start of production in Stuttgart.
1951
The Porsche 1300 (1286 cc, 44 bhp/32 kW) and 1500 (1488 cc, 60 bhp/44 kW) join the range, the latter quickly becoming a best seller.
1952
Launch of the Porsche 1500 S (1488 cc, 70 bhp/51 kW).
1953
Yet another new model joins the range: the Porsche 1300 S (1290 cc, 60 bhp/44 kW).
1954
Production of the first 200 Porsche Speedsters.
1955
The Speedster becomes a genuine sales success. Production of the 356 A series starts in autumn with the proven 1300 and 1300 S power units soon joined by the 1600 (1582 cc, 60 bhp/44 kW), 1600 S (1582 cc, 75 bhp/55 kW) and 1500 GS – the first Carrera marking the introduction of the new sports engine with four overhead camshafts – (1498 cc, 100 bhp/74 kW). The 1100-cc engines are dropped from the range.
1956
No changes within Porsche’s model range.
1957
The sporting and spartan Porsche 1500 GS Carrera is joined by the more comfortable 1500 GS de Luxe model.
1958
Output of the Porsche 356 A 1500 GS Carrera GT is boosted to 110 bhp/81 kW. The Speedster is replaced by the Convertible D with a larger windscreen and winding windows at the side. The 1300-cc engines are dropped from the range.
1959
The Carrera receives extra power and is now called the 1600 GS-GT, with the sports version offering more output (1588 cc, 115 bhp/85 kW) than the de Luxe model (105 bhp/77 kW). The 356 B series is introduced in autumn, the Convertible D being re-named the Roadster.
1960
The Porsche Super 90 (with a special balance spring on the rear axle) joins the range (1582 cc, 90 bhp/66 kW).
1961
Karmann, the specialist coachbuilder, builds the hardtop coupe on behalf of Porsche. The roof is not removable, the silhouette of the car has a slight notchback look.
1962
The Porsche 356 is introduced in autumn. Disc brakes are now standard on all models, with disc brakes on all four wheels being the most significant innovation. The two „standard“ models in the range are the 1600 C (75 bhp/55 kW) and 1600 SC (95 bhp/70 kW). The new top model is the Carrera 2 (1966 cc, 130 bhp/96 kW) featuring inner-grip brake callipers on the brake discs.
1963
The Porsche 911 makes its appearance in the market. The first version of the new sixcylinder boxer engine offers the same output as the Carrera 2 (1991 cc, 130 bhp/96 kW).
1964
Start-up of Porsche 911 production. The 356 C is selling better than ever before.
1965
The new model series is rounded off at the lower end by the 912 with its flat-four power unit (1582 cc, 90 bhp/66 kW) quickly becoming a best seller. Production of the 356 ends in April.
1966
The Porsche Targa complete with roll-bar enters the range in autumn as the new open-air model. The 911 S is introduced with an even more powerful engine (160 bhp/118 kW). By the end of the year the 912 is out-selling the 911.
1967
The 911 T joins the six-cylinder model series with leaner trim and a less powerful engine (110 bhp/81 kW), selling at a very attractive price of less than DM 20,000.-. US exports increase rapidly.
1968
Wheelbase of the 911 is extended by 57 mm or 2.24’’. To comply with US emission standards, the six-cylinder power units feature Bosch mechanical fuel injection for the first time. The 911 E (140 bhp/103 kW) is launched into the market, output of the 911 S is boosted by 10 bhp to 170 bhp. The 911 T still using carburettor technology develops maximum output of 110 bhp/81 kW.
1969
To name only the most important innovations, the 911 receives a larger 2195-cc power unit for the 1970 model year, introducing a new power and performance league: 911 T (125 bhp/92 kW), 911 E (155 bhp/114 kW), 911 S (180 bhp/133 kW). Semi-automatic Sportomatic is available as an option. The Porsche 912 is replaced by the two-seater midengine VW Porsche 914 available in two versions: as the 914/4 with a four-cylinder Volkswagen engine (1679 cc, 80 bhp/59 kW) and as the 914/6 with a six-cylinder Porsche power unit (1991 cc, 110 bhp/81 kW). Particularly the low-priced four cylinder becomes a genuine success.
1970
A year of consolidation without any significant innovations. Sales of both model series remain positive.
1971
Now power play is really the name of the game: Starting in September, the six-cylinder featured in the 911 grows once again, displacing 2341 cc and introducing a new power and performance league once again: 911 T (130 bhp/96 kW), 911 E (165 bhp/121 kW), 911 S (190 bhp/140 kW). Porsche also puts on the pressure with its „small“ model, building 11 916 sports cars featuring the ultra-powerful six-cylinder (2341 cc, 190 bhp/140 kW), following the two 914/8 models with an 8-cylinder racing engine already built two years before (2997 cc, but varying in power: 260 bhp/191 kW and 300 bhp/221 kW). The 260- bhp 914/8 goes to Professor Ferry Porsche for his 50th birthday.
1972
The Porsche 911 Carrera RS 2.7 (2687 cc, 210 bhp/154 kW) and the Porsche 2.8 Carrera RSR (2806 cc, 300 bhp/ 221 kW) pave the way for further growth. Destined mainly for motor racing, these new models introduce a clearly visible aerodynamic body feature for the first time: the ducktail rear spoiler on the engine compartment lid. The Porsche 914 receives extra power, now featuring a larger four-cylinder from VW (1971 cc, 100 bhp/74 kW) helping the „small“ Porsche to remain a genuine best seller.
1973
Following the plant shut-down in summer the new model range reveals significant modifications in body design, the bumpers now complying with US regulations and featuring impact absorbers at either side. The 2.7-litre power unit (210 bhp/154 kW) is introduced as standard in the Porsche 911. New models are the Carrera RS 3.0 sports version (2994 cc, 230 bhp/168 kW) and the Carrera RSR 3.0 (2994 cc, 330 bhp/241 kW) featuring a large rear wing and flared wheel arches with special air intakes. Within the 914 series a 1.8-litre version (1795 cc, 85 bhp/63 kW) replaces the former 1.7- litre engine.
1974
In autumn the first Porsche Turbo code-named the 930 (2994 cc, 260 bhp/191 kW) sees the light of day, providing the foundation for various racing models code-named the 935 in the years to follow, with maximum output up to 850 bhp. The 911 is available in three versions with the same 2687-cc displacement engine but different levels of power: 911 (150 bhp/110 kW), 911 S (175 bhp/129 kW) and the Carrera (210 bhp/154 kW). The sales split is almost exactly 50:50.
1975
The Porsche 911 enters the 1976 model year with only very minor modifications. Output of the „basic“ version is boosted to 165 bhp/121 kW, the 911 S is dropped from the range. The Carrera 3.0 (2994 cc, 200 bhp/147 kW) is dropped after the plant shut-down in summer. In their last year of production, all models in the Porsche 914 range receive a twolitre power unit, with a reduction in compression and output to 95 bhp/70 kW. In autumn the 912 E (available only in the USA) also featuring a VW power unit (1971 cc, 90 bhp/66 kW) joins the 914 in the market.
1976
Porsche’s new entry-level model is the 924, the first-ever Porsche with a water-cooled engine fitted up front – an engine supplied by Audi (1984 cc, 125 bhp/92 kW). The 911 model range continues with a 2.7-litre power unit as well as the 3.0-litre in the Carrera, output remaining unchanged in both cases. The bodyshell hot-galvanised on both sides significantly extends the life-cycle of all Porsche models as of the 1976 model year.
1977
The Porsche 928 launched in autumn 1977 is the new top model conceived as the successor to the 911. Its V8 power unit boasts American dimensions (4474 cc, 240 bhp/177 kW). Starting in autumn, all models in the 911 range receive the 3.0-litre engine with the same output (180 bhp/132 kW) no longer comparable to the former performance figures due to the new emission standards in the market. The Turbo engine becomes larger and even more powerful (3299 cc, 300 bhp/221 kW). Sales of the 924 remain at a good level, the 911 is a stable performer as before, and demand for the Turbo as well as the 928 continues to develop positively. From now on the 911 bears the model name „Porsche 911 SC“.
1978
The 928 becomes the first and so far only sports car in the world to be voted Car of the Year.
1979
Output of the 911 increases slightly to 188 bhp/138 kW. The 924 Turbo also comes close to this figure, at 170 bhp/125 kW. With its technical features remaining unchanged, the 928 sees an increase in production and sales, the 924 remaining Porsche’s best seller.
1980
The Porsche 924 Carrera GT (210 bhp/154 kW) offers even more power than the 911, the 911 SC now featuring a 204 bhp/150 kW engine. The 928 remains unchanged, but is joined by the 928 S developing maximum output of 300 bhp/221 kW from 4664 cc.
1981
On goes the trend to even more power and performance, the 924 Turbo now featuring a 177 bhp/130 kW power unit. The 911 Turbo remains unchanged. At the Frankfurt Motor Show Porsche presents a concept Turbo Cabriolet (with four-wheel drive).
1982
Porsche extends the range by introducing the 944 based on the 924 but featuring even wider wheel arches and a four-cylinder Porsche engine (2479 cc, 163 bhp/120 kW) – basically speaking half the 8-cylinder in the 928. The new model has a clear effect on sales of the 924, which start to go down for the first time.
1983
After almost 20 years Porsche returns to a real convertible, the 911 SC Cabriolet becoming a best seller right from the start. Output of the 928 S is increased moderately to 310 bhp/228 kW.
1984
The 1984 model year launched in September 1983 once again introduces the 911 Carrera with an even larger engine (3164 cc, 231 bhp/170 kW). The Company’s success curve points upwards, the 924 and 944 remaining the best-selling models. The 928 S becomes even more powerful, all 911 Carrera models are now also available in Turbo look.
1985
The year of the ultimate Porsche, the high-tech 959 featuring a four-valve boxer engine, water-cooled cylinder heads, four-wheel drive, awe-inspiring performance figures (2850 cc, 450 bhp/331 kW) and a price tag of DM 420,000.-. Production of the 959 in the years to come exceeds the 200 mark. The Porsche 928 features an even larger engine for the USA and Japan, with output closer to the European model (4957 cc, 292 bhp/215 kW). The Porsche four-cylinder in the 944 now offers even more power thanks to turbocharging (2479 cc, 220 bhp/162 kW), both the 924 and the 944 remaining on the best-selling list. Without any significant modifications the Porsche 911 achieves its best annual result, just as the 928 S shows good year-round figures even without any significant innovations. The 924 matures into the 924 S now featuring Porsche’s four-cylinder power unit (2479 cc, 150 bhp/110 kW).
1986
The four-valve Porsche 928 S4 goes into production with an increase in engine size and power (4957 cc, 320 bhp/ 235 kW). The new range consists of the 924 S/944 (2457 cc, 150 bhp/110 kW), the 944 S (2457 cc, 190 bhp/140 kW) and the 944 Turbo (2457 cc, 220 bhp/162 kW). The 911 Turbo is also available in both Targa and Cabriolet guise.
1987
Output of the 924 S/944 models increases to 160 bhp/118 kW. The 944 Turbo S (2479 cc, 250 bhp/184 kW) rounds off the small model series, the Porsche 928 S4 remains in production without any significant changes.
1988
The new generation of the 911 comes with the in-house code designation 964. Introduction of the new model starts with the 911 Carrera 4 featuring four-wheel drive. The 964 series is available first as a coupé, its six-cylinder boxer engine featuring double ignition, plus extra size and power (3600 cc, 250 bhp/ 184 kW). The old series remains in production with the 911 Speedster, strictly a two-seater with an extra-small windscreen. The Porsche 944 comes with a larger engine (2681 cc) and more power (165 bhp/121 kW) and is joined by the 944 Turbo (250 bhp/184 kW). The four-valve power unit of the 944 is increased in size and output to 2990 cc, 211 bhp/155 kW. The 944 S2 is available as both a coupé and cabriolet, the 944 Turbo receives an all-new five-speed gearbox.
1989
The 911 is now available with rear-wheel drive as the Carrera 2 coming both as a Targa and Cabriolet. Tiptronic is introduced at the same time, automatic transmission with a torque converter and four gears also allowing a sequential gearshift by means of the selector lever. The large model series is rounded off as of spring 1989 by the 928 GT with even more power (330 bhp/243 kW). The 911 Turbo is dropped from the range, production ceasing in autumn 1989.
1990
The new 911 Turbo enters the market in September with a 3299 cc power unit and a slight increase in power (320 bhp/235 kW).
1991
The Porsche 968 based in its design on the 928 replaces the 944. Output of the three-litre power unit is boosted to 240 bhp/176 kW. The 8-cylinder power unit of the Porsche 928 now featured in the GTS increases in both size and output (5397 cc, 350 bhp/257 kW), just as the 911 Carrera RS competition model also offers a slight boost in power (260 bhp/191 kW).
1992
The Porsche 911 Turbo comes with an even larger engine displacing 3600 cc and developing 360 bhp/265 kW. The 968 is introduced in two-seater Clubsport trim with leaned-down equipment and a lower price.
1993
Towards the middle of the year Porsche presents the thoroughly modified 911 code-named the 993 within the Company and featuring an even more streamlined body, the new multilink rear axle and a choice of either six-speed manual gearbox or four-speed Tiptronic. Engine capacity remains unchanged, output increases even further (3600 cc, 272 bhp/200 kW). The new 993 is built initially as the Carrera coupé with rear-wheel drive.
1994
The new Carrera 4 enters production featuring a new drive concept with power transmitted to the wheels via a viscous coupling. As the „basic model“ for racing Porsche builds the 911 Carrera RS with an extra-light body, a larger, fixed-position rear spoiler and a more powerful engine (3746 cc, 300 bhp/221 kW). In spring 1994 Porsche ceases production of the 993 Cabriolet.
1995
The new 911 Turbo displaces 3600 cc and develops maximum output of 408 bhp/300 kW. It also features the four-wheel-drive concept of the Carrera 4. The even more dynamic GT2 version of the Turbo, in turn, comes exclusively with rear-wheel drive and offers even more power (430 bhp/316 kW). In September the 911 Carrera also receives extra power (285 bhp/210 kW), and at the same time a new Porsche Targa with a sliding glass roof enters production.
1996
Public launch of the Boxster at the 1996 Paris Motor Show. A mid-engined roadster, the Boxster reveals Porsche’s new generation of power units with very convincing facts and figures (2480 cc, 204 bhp/150 kW). Six water-cooled cylinders in horizontally opposed arrangement, four overhead camshafts with VarioCam, four valves per cylinder and integrated dry sump lubrication are the technical highlights.
1997
Porsche presents an all-new 911 with slightly larger body dimensions but still in the same classic style as its predecessor – plus further improved suspension and a more powerful version of the new water-cooled boxer engine (3387 cc, 300 bhp/221 kW). The Porsche Carrera 4S, Targa and Porsche 911 Turbo remain in production unchanged until March 1998.
1998
The 911 Cabriolet based on the new model is presented to the public in March, its roof opening and closing electrohydraulically at the touch of a button. An aluminium hardtop comes as standard, as do the sidebags on both doors.